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Malta is situated in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, halfway between Gibraltar
and Alexandria, and Sicily and North Africa. Malta is
chiefly composed of limestone with no hills higher than
300 meters and no rivers. Malta carries 7000 years of
History. This comes from the facts that the Maltese Island
had been ruled by different nationalities starting by
the Carthaginians. Conceivably the roots of the Maltese
language derive from this Phoenician period. Meanwhile,
the city of Carthage grew in size and strength and eventually
carved out an empire which covered the North African coast
to the west of Carthage, and included Spain, Sardinia,
Western Sicily and Malta. Malta became part of the Roman
Empire during the 2nd Punic War (c. 218 BC) and remained
part of the empire till the Vandals raided the islands
in AD 395. We now enter a dark period in Maltese history,
the period from AD 395 to 535. Once again Malta came in
contact with a new and vigorous Semitic people.
Unfortunately, very little documentation relating to the
two centuries of Arab rule in Malta survives today. Indeed,
Arab influence in Malta lasted much longer, since the
Normans, who invaded in 1090 and took over the island
from the Arabs, were indeed enlightened people and they
tolerated the presence of the Arabs in the island. In
fact, Count Roger never garrisoned the islands. The chief
legacy of the Arab occupation in Malta must be the Maltese
language itself, which has many elements of Arabic.
The Arabs were finally expelled from Sicily and Malta
after an uprising in 1224.
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